Mineral Resources: Alloys

Alloys The solid substance obtained from mixing any molten metal or nonmetal with another molten metal and cooling the mixture is called alloy. The time between 5000 BC to 3000 BC, the humans used to…

Mineral Resources: (Metal Extraction: Part- 2)

Metal Extraction We have already discussed the three steps out of five for metal extraction in  Metal Extraction: Part- 1. Now in this part, we will discuss the rest of the two steps. 4. Conversion of Metallic…

Mineral Resources: (Metal Extraction: Part-1)

Metal Extraction The process where metals are obtained from the ores is called metal extraction. Since different metals have different properties, there is a difference in the process of extracting different metals. Some non-reactive metals…

Mineral Resources: Mines, Minerals, Rocks and Ores

Mineral Resources Ingredients of the Earth Crust In our daily life, we use different kinds of materials and products that are made of tin, iron, copper, porcelain and others. We get all our necessary metals,…

Applications of Analytical Chemistry: X-ray Crystallography

X-ray crystallography X-rays are very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation and the wavelengths are similar to the interatomic distances in solids. When a beam of monochromatic X-rays (i.e. rays with a single wavelength) is directed at…

States of Matter: Brownian motion

Brownian motion Evidence for the movement of particles in liquids came to light in 1827 when Robert Brown, a botanist, observed that fine pollen grains on the surface of the water were not stationary.  96…

States of Matter: The Kinetic Theory of Matter…

Freezing Freezing is a process when a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid is called its freezing point. Hence, heat energy is given out…